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Cadastral survey guidelines
Cadastral survey guidelines - full index

Cadastral survey guidelines - full index

An expanded index of the topics and sub topics in the Cadastral survey guidelines.

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Use Ctrl+F to search for keywords in the index.

Application CSDs

What is an Application CSD?
Types of Applications
CSD requirements
Example CSDs

Boundaries

Overview
Key terms
Right-line boundaries
Arc boundaries
Irregular boundaries
Water boundaries
Water centre-line boundaries
Special requirements for parcels with irregular or water centre-line boundaries
Treatment of irregular and water centre-line boundaries in Landonline
Height-limited boundaries
Special requirements for parcels with height-limited boundaries
Capturing height-limited parcels

Boundary reinstatements

Boundary reinstatement surveys
Boundary reinstatement restrictions
Types of boundary reinstatement CSDs
Simple boundary reinstatement and CSD requirements
Complex boundary reinstatement and CSD requirements
Boundary reinstatement of affected boundaries
Boundary reinstatement of a Hawke’s Bay interim title

Capture and depiction

Capturing of height-limited parcels

Overview
Steps to capture height-limited primary parcels
Steps to capture height-limited non-primary parcels

Content of a CSD, survey report information and CSD certification

Content of a CSD
How CSD components fit together in Landonline
Content of a CSD - Record of survey
Content of a CSD - Title plan
Content of a CSD - Dataset description
Content of a CSD - Survey report
Content of a CSD - Field Information
Content of a CSD - Water boundary record
Survey report information
Reporting on general information
Reporting on bearings and levels
Reporting on definition
Reporting on ground marking
Reporting on equipment and methodology
Reporting on correspondence
Pre-validation reporting
Templates for survey reports
CSD certification
Surveys directed by other surveyors

Cross lease CSDs

What is a cross lease?
Key terms
Base land requirements
Standard cross lease
Staged cross lease
Cross lease update
Cross lease conversion
Adding or removing land
New easements and covenants
Cross lease plans in areas of ground movement
CSD requirements for cross lease plans
Capture requirements for cross lease plans

Crown Subdivision CSDs

Overview
Key terms
Deciding whether a Crown Subdivision CSD is appropriate
Boundary marking
Dealing with all the land
Subdivision consent
Appellations
Survey purpose
Parcel intents
Estate record references
Easements and covenants
Exchanges
Survey report
Marginal strips and esplanade reserves
Accretion and erosion
Land in the common marine and coastal area

CSDs with adverse possession

What is adverse possession?
General legal requirements for adverse possession
Adverse Possession of Land Transfer Land
Adverse possession of Land Transfer land held in a limited title
Adverse possession of Deeds land
Adverse possession of Crown land or Māori customary land
CSD requirements
Example CSDs

Diagrams on transfer

What is a diagram on transfer?
Key terms
Priority of diagram on transfer for definition
Identifying a diagram on transfer
Diagrams on transfer and the hierarchy of evidence
Unpegged diagram on transfer boundaries
Diagram on transfer boundaries with supporting survey information
Occupation
Shortage and excess
Simultaneous transfers
Diagrams on transfer and limited as to parcel titles
Diagrams on transfer and computed plans
Diagrams on deeds conveyances
Boundary reinstatement surveys for diagram on transfer boundaries
Unit developments and underlying diagram on transfer boundaries
Boundary marking and capture requirements for adoptions
Reporting
Tips for preparing a CSD containing Diagram on Transfer boundaries
Diagram on Transfer dataset examples

Field survey

Horizontal datum: orientation
Horizontal datum: connection
Vertical datum
Accuracy of non-boundary marks
Accuracy of connection to control network
Accuracy of boundary referencing
Accuracy of boundaries
Accuracies for water, water centre-line, and irregular boundaries
Survey marks
Boundary points to be referenced
Permanent reference marks (PRMs)
Boundary marking
Marking new boundary points
Marking existing boundary points
Boundary marks
Old marks and existing positions
Dispensations

Ground movement

Overview
Key terms
What is an affected boundary?
Boundaries affected by fault zone movement
Water and water centreline boundaries affected by ground movement
Defining new non-primary parcel boundaries over affected underlying parcels
New unit title and cross lease developments
Existing unit title developments
Height-limited boundaries
Ground marking and occupation information
Survey reporting

Hawke’s Bay interim titles

What is a Hawke’s Bay interim title?
Key terms
Aftermath of the Hawke’s Bay earthquake
The Land Transfer (Hawke’s Bay) Act 1931
Reconstruction of Hawke’s Bay survey records
Napier Alignment Regulations 1932
Reconstruction of Hawke’s Bay title records
Limited as to parcels and interim as to description and delineation
Interim titles and water and irregular boundaries
Occupation
Preparation of a CSD uplifting interim status
Reporting requirements
Uplifting interim as to description and delineation status
Hawke’s Bay interim title case studies

Legalisation CSDs

Overview
Key terms
Deciding whether a Legalisation CSD is appropriate
Dealing with all the land
Appellations
Survey purpose
Parcel intents
Estate record references
Existing easements
Area schedules
Survey report
Land in a unit title development
Legalisation survey where limited title or Hawke’s Bay interim title is to remain
Marginal strips and esplanade reserves
Accretion
Dry riverbeds and streambeds
Treaty settlement surveys
Crown forest land
Reserves
Marine reserves
Marine and Coastal Area
Customary interests in the common marine and coastal area
Reclamations from the sea
Parliamentary datasets
Datasets for other than cadastral purposes

Limited title surveys

Key terms
Survey process to remove limitations as to parcels
Step 1 – Define underlying parcel boundaries (as if the title is not limited)
Step 2 – Exclude areas of adverse possession
Adverse possession of a neighbouring limited title
Survey and CSD requirements
Dispensation requests
Early notification of adjoining owners
Legalisation surveys
Diagrams on Transfer
Boundary marking restrictions
Additional notes

Lodgement Standard

Purpose of Lodgement Standard
Existing standard to remain in force
Applying the Lodgement Standard to CSR 2021 datasets
Exemptions

Non-primary parcels

Form of boundary
Non-primary parcels crossing boundaries
Surrendering part of an easement or revoking part of a covenant
Centre-line easements
Defining non-primary parcels using the underlying parcel or control network
Permanent structure boundaries
Height-limited boundaries
Non-primary parcels over water
Existing non-primary parcels to be depicted

Parcel Intent Usage

Accessory unit
Common Marine and Coastal Area (Sec 237A(1)(b) RM Act)
Covenant - Flat/Crosslease
Covenant - Land
Covenant to be Revoked
Cross Lease Building
Customary Entitlement
Customary Marine Title
Easement
Easement to be Surrendered
Erosion
Esplanade strip
Fee Simple Title
Future Development Unit
Hydro
Lease
Legalisation
Licence/Permit
Māori
Marginal Strip – Fixed
Marginal Strip – Movable
Principal Unit
Railway
Reserve Reclassification
Residue parcel
Road
Vesting on Deposit for Accessway
Vesting on Deposit for Government Purpose Reserve (Crown)
Vesting on Deposit for Historic Reserve (Crown)
Vesting on Deposit for Historic Reserve (Territorial Authority)
Vesting on Deposit for Local Purpose Reserve
Vesting on Deposit for Nature Reserve (Crown)
Vesting on Deposit for Nature Reserve (Territorial Authority)
Vesting on Deposit for Recreation Reserve (Crown)
Vesting on Deposit for Recreation Reserve (Territorial Authority)
Vesting on Deposit for Road
Vesting on Deposit for Scenic Reserve (Crown)
Vesting on Deposit for Scenic Reserve (Territorial Authority)
Vesting on Deposit for Scientific Reserve (Crown)
Vesting on Deposit for Scientific Reserve (Territorial Authority)
Vesting on Deposit for Service Lane (Territorial Authority)
Vesting on Deposit in Lieu of a Reserve (Crown)
Vesting on Deposit in Lieu of a Reserve (Territorial Authority)
Vesting on Deposit in the Crown (Sec 239(1)(c) RM Act)
Vesting on Deposit in the Territorial Authority (Sec 237A(1)(a) RM Act)
Historic Parcel Intents

Parcels

Overview
Accounting for all land in an existing primary parcel
Parcel Boundaries
Minimum width of parcel
Parcel area
Types of parcels
Parcel appellation
Recording parcels
Other

Permanent structure boundaries

Permanent structure boundary usage
Accuracies of permanent structure boundaries
Existing unit and lease boundaries may be accepted
Using an existing restrictive covenant boundary for a new restrictive covenant parcel
Height-limited boundary points on existing unit developments
Depicting permanent structure boundaries on the title diagram

Quality of boundary definition

Overview
Duty of a surveyor when defining a boundary by survey
Boundaries and boundary points that must be defined by survey
Information that may be adopted (r 14)
Acceptance of a boundary
Method to determine quality of boundary definition
Mark details to be captured
Boundary conflict

Re-establishing Canterbury earthquake affected boundaries in greater Christchurch

Overview
Key terms
The Canterbury Property Boundaries and Related Matters Act 2016 (CPB Act)
Summary of Canterbury earthquake events
Impact of the CPB Act on title
Affected boundaries must reflect Canterbury earthquake movement in greater Christchurch
Water and water centreline boundaries affected by Canterbury earthquake movement
New unit title and cross lease developments
Defining new non-primary parcel boundaries over affected underlying parcels
Height-limited boundaries
Ground marking and occupation information
Survey reporting
Resources and tools for greater Christchurch
Capture and linking requirements for greater Christchurch
Boundary conflicts in greater Christchurch resulting from approved interim surveys

Scale factors, scale differences and scale adjustment

Projection scale factors
Central Meridian Scale Factor
Line Scale Factor
Projection scale differences
Scale adjustment

Schedule / Memorandum information

Purpose of Schedule / Memorandum supporting document
Memorandum of easements
Schedule of easements
Easements in gross
Accounting for existing easements
Appurtenant easements
Easement purpose
Parcel identifiers
Burdened land (Servient Tenement)
Benefited Land (Dominant Tenement)
Creating Document Reference
Covenants
Amalgamation conditions
Landonline Automated Schedule / Memorandum
Height-Limited Areas
Approved CSD amendment

Survey dispensation requests

Dispensations issued under RCS 2010
Overview
Dispensations from the Rules
Dispensations from the Lodgement Standard
How to apply for dispensation
Required information
Common dispensation requests

Survey requisitions - common items

Pre-validation reporting
Mark condition
Mark description for PRMs
Reinstated boundaries
Occupation information
Easement Schedule
Field information

Tidal boundaries

Overview
Key terms and abbreviations
Accounting for the whole of the parcel
Tidal boundaries may not be able to be accepted
Common marine and coastal area
Flow chart
Requirement to identify common marine and coastal area
Where land in the marine and coastal area is not required to become common marine and coastal area
Where land in the coastal marine area or marine and coastal area will need to be shown as being or becoming common marine and coastal area
Recording parcels of common marine and coastal area
Land becoming common marine and coastal area under s 237A RMA upon subdivision
Where Crown or local authority owned land has become common marine and coastal area (s 11 or s 13 MACAA)
Where Crown or local authority land has or will have a record of title
Where Crown or local authority land will not have a record of title
Identifying common marine and coastal area where land is being acquired by the Crown or local authority
Easements over land to become common marine and coastal area
Accounting for differences between the existing boundary and current MHWS when common marine and coastal area is required to be shown in a CSD

Unit plans

Unit Titles Act 2010
Key terms
Base land requirements
Standard unit title developments
Stage unit title developments
Substituted proposed unit development plans
Subsidiary and layered unit title developments
Redevelopments
Adding or removing land from unit title development
Combining unit plans
Easements and covenants
Unit plans in areas of ground movement
CSD requirements for unit plans
CSD requirements for easements and covenants on unit plans
Capture of pre-Landonline unit plans
Capture requirements for new unit plans

Water boundaries

Overview
Key concepts
Applying the rules
Flow chart
Accuracy of water boundaries
Accepting water boundaries
Adopting water boundaries
Defining water boundaries by survey
Recording water boundaries
Recording water boundaries where the landward margin of the water body has moved
Accretion
Erosion
Avulsion, artificial diversion and reclamation
Recording water bed excluded from a new title
Recording water bed to vest under sections 237A or 239(1)(c) RMA 1991
Recording movable marginal strip and esplanade strip parcels

Audit and quality assurance
Cadastral Survey Act - authority, offences and restrictions
Cadastral Survey Rules 2021
Cadastral survey guidelines
E-survey guide
Earthquakes
Rules, standards and guidelines
TA e-certification

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