Deformation Monitoring Network

The DMN monitors national-scale tectonic deformation and monitors regional and local-scale deformation to maintain the NZGD2000 deformation model, to maintain the other control networks for the effects of deformation and to re-establish the other control networks following a major deformation event.

The following page summarises the main characteristics of the DMN sub-networks.

National deformation marks

Purpose

To determine and monitor national-scale tectonic deformation

Density

Across North Island, South Island, Stewart Island/Rakiura

Every point in NZ within:

  • 100 km of one national DMN mark
  • 300km of three national DMN marks

Accuracy

  • Order: 1
  • Tier: Horiz A (0.05 m), Vert B (0.10 m)
  • Class: Horiz III (0.003 m, 1x10-7m/m), Vert IV (0.003 m, 3x10-7m/m)
  • Class evaluation radius: 300 km

Mark characteristics

Location

  • Stable part of tectonic plate
  • Suitable for collecting GNSS observations

Mark access

  • Data available from LINZ website
  • No physical access to mark

Regional deformation marks

Purpose

To determine and monitor regional-scale tectonic deformation

Density

Across North Island, South Island, Stewart Island/Rakiura

Sheer strain >0.2 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 20 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 50km of three regional DMN marks

Sheer strain <0.2 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 35 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 70km of three regional DMN marks

Accuracy

  • Order: 2
  • Tier: Horiz B (0.10 m), Vert E (0.25 m)
  • Class: Horiz V (0.003 m, 1x10-6m/m), Vert VI (0.01 m, 3x10-5m/m)
  • Class evaluation radius: 50 km

Mark characteristics

Campaign GNSS

Location

  • Best location for monitoring deformation
  • Suitable for collecting GNSS

Mark access

Physical access to marks to collect GNSS observations

Local deformation marks

Purpose

To determine and monitor regional-scale tectonic deformation

Density

Across North Island, South Island, Stewart Island/Rakiura

Urban areas with sheer strain >0.5 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 3 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 6 km of three regional DMN marks

Urban areas with sheer strain <0.5 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 5 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 10 km of three regional DMN marks

Rural areas with sheer strain >0.5 μrad/year, every point in NZ within:

  • 10 km of one regional DMN mark
  • 20 km of three regional DMN marks

Accuracy

  • Order: 4
  • Tier: Horiz C (0.15 m), Vert F (0.35 m)
  • Class: Horiz VII (0.01 m, 1x10-5m/m), Vert VIII (0.01 m, 5x10-5m/m)
  • Class evaluation radius: 6 km (urban), 20 km (rural)

Mark characteristics

Campaign GNSS

Location

  • Best location for monitoring deformation
  • Suitable for collecting GNSS

Mark access

Physical access to marks to collect GNSS observations